Welcome to CENFACS’ Online Diary!
16 September 2026
Post No. 474
The Week’s Contents
• Autumn 2026 Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects and Campaign
• Red Space-focused Note from Wednesday 16/09/2026: Eliminating Poverty Linked to Red Space
• Tacking Climate Protection and Stake for African Children at the Implementation Level with Full Implementation Sub-phase (Phase 3.4) – In Focus as Part of Preparations to Follow up COP31: Tracking Transition Metrics
… And much more!
Key Messages
• Autumn 2026 Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects and Campaign
To start the eleven projects we planned for our Autumn 2026 Poverty Reduction Campaign, let first explain Autumn Fresh Start Season.
• • What Is Autumn about for CENFACS and Its Community?
It is about Freshness. Autumn is the time of natural recycling process of plants and trees. Leaves change colour and fall. Without reinventing the wheels, we can say that Autumn of Freshness at CENFACS is the season after the long sunny weather and break of Summer; season during which our body and mind naturally recycle and engage in renewed energy, strength and thoughts.
Autumn of Freshness is the season of
∝ making fresh start after returning back from Summer to resume our life routine, work, education and voluntary work, particularly poverty relief one
∝ restarting after having some life and/or work experience (e.g., voluntary work or experience over the Summer, project visits, holiday trips, family sojourns, tourism, travel/expeditions of all kinds, etc.)
∝ beginning to apply or introduce and share those new experiences, ideas and discoveries we had during the Summer break or holiday
∝ slowing down some types of things while gradually setting up new ones from small to big sizes
∝ novelty, creativity and innovation to try to resolve the old, new, challenging and emerging issues of poverty and hardships.
Will this Autumn be same as the previous ones?
• • Autumn of Freshness 2026: With a Focus on What to Do When There Are Signs That the Effects on Households of the High Period of Inflation Have Started to Ease
This Autumn 2026, we are going to try find out what to do when a crisis (like the cost-of-living crisis is still there) but there are some signs that the effects on households of the high period of inflation started to ease. Indeed, according to ‘commonslibrary-parliament.uk’ (1),
“Inflation has been slowly falling in recent months and was 2.9% in July 2026. Even though inflation is no longer as high, the cumulative effect of rising prices means households face a much higher cost of living than in 2021. However, there are some signs that the effects on households of the high period of inflation have started to ease“.
Yet, the inflation figure that has just been released by the UK’s Office for National Statistics (2) indicates that
“The Consumer Price Inflation (CPI) rose by 3.1% in the 12 months to August 2026, up from 2.9% the previous month”.
In our autumn model of working with the community, we are going to consider this latest information from the UK’s Office for National Statistics and adapt our plan accordingly. This is even though we are working on the scenario of an economic easing phase.
In economic easing scenario, central banks would lower interest rates and buy assets (like bonds) to pump money into the system, encouraging borrowing and growth. On the contrary, in an economic tightening situation, economic theories and standard monetary policies suggest that central banks would raise interest rates and sell assets – often called Quantitative Tightening – to put money out of the system and cool down inflation.
Although the cost-of-living crisis has not yet ended, these little signs can provide some opportunities to work with those in need to continue to find ways to deal with an unending cost-of-living crisis. This involves shifting from short-term cutbacks to structural lifestyle changes, smart digital tracking, and systemic policy reforms.
Smart personal and household strategies will include digital price comparison, energy micro-efficiency, subscription audits, and alternative transport. Systemic and macro-solutions will cover housing and planning reforms, and government interventions. This also implies shifting from temporary damage control to structural stabilization and building long-term personal resilience.
As far as CENFACS is concerned, the focus transitions from providing immediate emergency relief (without abandoning it because the cost-of-living crisis is still there) to embedding sustainable, systemic changes that prevent beneficiaries from falling back into crisis. The ‘next step’ phase for our beneficiaries will focus on three key pillars:
σ Transitioning from Helping Them to Access Hardship Aid to Finance Resilience
Once immediate destabilization slows, beneficiaries work on building long-term financial defenses. This involves income maximization, navigating local welfare changes, debt restructuring, etc.
σ Addressing ‘Post-traumatic’ Systemic Barriers
Prolonged crises (like the cost-of-living crisis) leave deep scars that can outlast the peak economic shock. Therefore, the next phase involves tackling the secondary hurdles that keep beneficiaries trapped in precarious cycles. It includes mental health recovery and digital inclusion.
σ Actively Shaping Services (via User Involvement)
This is about shifting beneficiaries from passive recipients of help to active co-designers of the services they use. It involves peer support and mentorship and service evaluation.
These three shifts will help embed sustainable, systemic changes that prevent beneficiaries from falling back into crisis. They will also assist in What to Do When There Are Signs That the Effects on Households of the High Period of Inflation Have Started to Ease. As the ‘verywellmind.com’ (3) puts it when referring to trauma:
“Fortunately, there are healthy ways to cope with a crisis and get to the other side”.
CENFACS will continue to work with those stricken by the cost-of-living crisis and its lingering effects so that they can get to the other side of the crisis.
So, the key words and phrases for our sharing and engaging contents over this Autumn are Finding or Refreshing or Reviving What to Do When There Are Signs That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing; words and phrases which will underpin all our work over this period.
• • Autumn 2026 Starting XI Poverty Reduction Campaign: Autumn Programme with Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects to Find What to Do When There Are Signs That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing
Autumn of Freshness is about working together with our users, project beneficiaries, members and stakeholders through a helpful bundle of Fresh Start projects blended together to give a contemporary and targeted relief, thanks to a good knowledge of users’ and members’ needs and expectations.
These projects will help implement new and improved ways of working with local people to meet changing needs mainly led by the lingering effects of the previous crises (e.g., the coronavirus disaster) and the enduring cost-of-living crisis in the Year of Alternatives; a year of alternative skills to meet poor people’s needs in a new era (of Generative Artificial Intelligence Chatbots or AI-powered Chatbots) and landscape of poverty reduction and development policies. These projects make up our Autumn 2026 Fresh Start Programme.
• • What Is Included in the Autumn 2026 Fresh Start Programme?
The Autumn 2026 Fresh Start Programme is made of
(a) Skills, tips, hints, tweaks, tools and hacks to find ways to deal with signs that the negative effects of a crisis (like unending cost-of-living crisis) are easing or refresh ways of ending the cost-of-living crisis
(b) Transformative and alternative experiences
(c) The Season’s appeal to stand up again against poverty and hardships
(d) A Slice and feast of Africa’s history
(e) A Campaign to end the unending cost-of-living crisis
(f) A Spatial analysis of poverty via red, orange, brown, blue, green and grey spaces
(g) Blue and green realignments of initiatives to the principles of greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals and targets
(h) Colour-based visual themes and representation of poverty in mapping activities
(i) Thoughts and inspirations to finish the unfinished work of building forward from previous crises.
All this is flavoured with hopes, dreams and reasons to believe in the future; a poverty-free, sustainable, net zero and crisis-free world.
So, the line-up for CENFACS’ Autumn 2026 Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects and Campaign to Find What to Do When There Are Signs That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing and deal with other crises for this Autumn is as follows:
1) Women, Children and Alternative Skills to Use When Signs Indicating That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing – NEW
2) Practical Household-level Data Literacy Skills – NEW
3) Project for Making Bookkeeping and Accounting Drive Poverty Reduction – NEW
4) Making Memorable Positive Difference through the History of Africa’s Critical Minerals
5) Save Black Rhino (Diceros bicornis), Silene Cobalticola and Catifluus luteopus
6) Leaves-based Advice with Impact (Impact-driven Local Advising) Focusing on Energy Matters
7) “A la Une” (Autumn Leaves of Action for the Upkeep of the Nature in Existence) with a Focus on Critically Endangered Mammalian Species
8) Advice for Africa-based Sister Organisations (with a Focus on Charity Investing Strategy) and Guidance for Not-for-profit Impact Investing in Africa (on Not-for-profit Investing Strategy)
9) Autumn Help through Economic Truths That Speak for Those in Need – NEW
10) Aid to Sustainable Wealth Building, Employability and Support Ecosystems – NEW
11) Autumn Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief Appeals.
For more on these projects, please read below under the Main Development section of this post.
• Red Space-focused Note from Wednesday 16/09/2026: Eliminating Poverty Linked to Red Space
Literature survey on red space indicates that the connection between eliminating poverty and red space typically refers to one of two prominent socio-economic framework interpretations: The Poverty Stoplight Methodology and the Historical Redlining and Urban Geography.
Let us highlight these connections and suggest ways of working with the community on the elimination of poverty linked to red space.
• • Connections between Eliminating Poverty and Red Space
The two perspectives highlighting these connections are given below.
a) The Poverty Stoplight Methodology
In global development, the Poverty Stoplight is an internationally recognized self-assessment tool and metric created by Dr. Martin Burt (4). It allows families to self-diagnose their level of deprivation across 50 multi-dimensional indicators.
In this model, red space is approached through indicators that are colour-coded like a traffic light, where Red signifies extreme poverty (e.g., no access to safe drinking water), yellow means poverty, and green expresses non-poverty.
To eliminate poverty, a family uses an app to map out their status. From this perspective, eliminating poverty means systematically creating actionable strategies to shrink the red place (extreme deprivations) and move those indicators into the yellow and green zones.
b) Historical Redlining and Urban Geography
In the context of urban planning and sociology, red spaces refer to historically redlined neighborhoods.
Historically speaking, the definition of red space can be traced in the 1930s when maps drew red lines around specific neighborhoods – primarily low-income or minority areas – categorizing them as hazardous for financial investments and credit.
In terms of eliminating poverty, modern systemic poverty is tightly bound to these geographic boundaries. Because redlines restricted access to housing equity, quality schooling, jobs, and banking; these areas became multi-generational pockets of poverty. Eradicating poverty today heavily relies on dismantling the legacy of exclusion inside these historically redlined urban spaces.
It is possible to work with the community on these connections.
• • Working with CENFACS Community Members on Eliminating Poverty Linked to Red Space
It is possible to work with our members to help them reduce poverty linked to red space. We can help our members and the members of sister communities to reduce poverty tied to red space indicators – which represent extreme poverty in the Poverty Stoplight framework – by having our members self-diagnose their specific deprivations and create personalized action plans to turn red metrics into green metrics.
This involves the following:
σ Diagnosing the red spaces by using visual surveys, identifying extreme poverty, and making the invisible visible.
σ Prioritizing and planning by selectin target areas, designing a life map, and taking personal ownership.
σ Mobilizing solutions by leveraging local resources, using peer coaching, and measuring progress.
For those of our members who would like to work with us on the above-stated matter, they are welcome to work with us.
For those members who would like to share their experience in terms of Eliminating Poverty Linked to Red Space; they are also invited to share it with us.
For those who would like to further discuss with us any other matters or insights relating to the Red Space, they should not hesitate to contact CENFACS.
• Tacking Climate Protection and Stake for African Children at the Implementation Level with Full Implementation Sub-phase (Phase 3.4) – In Focus as Part of Preparations to Follow up COP31: Tracking Transition Metrics
We are continuing to work on the outcomes of COP30 (5) and how they can fit into CENFACS’ Taking Climate Protection and Stake for African Children at the Implementation (TCPSACI) and its sub-phase 3.4, as well as how they can help us prepare for COP31 (6) which will be convened in Antalya, Türkiye.
The following points help understand how we are continuing our climate talks follow-up and how we are preparing for the next climate talks:
~ Stocktaking activity on COP30
~ Preparation to follow COP31
~ Giving African children a stake in global climate talks
~ CENFACS slogan for following up COP31.
Let us briefly explain these points.
• • Stocktaking Activity on COP30
This week, we are again having a stocktaking activity (as we did in last March) of looking at the key achievements of COP 30, held at Belém, Brazil. It emerges from World Resources Institute (7) that the key agreements and initiatives include the following ones:
σ Mutirão Decision and Implementation Focus (meaning actions to combat climate change to be in line with the Paris Agreement)
σ Triple adaptation finance by 2035 (i.e., Reaffirmation of the pathway to mobilize at least $300 billion annually for developing countries by 2035, with a goal of $1.3 trillion per year from public and private sources, and $9 billion for Brazil’s Tropical Forests Facility)
σ Voluntary plan to curb fossil fuels and roadmaps (e.g., Global Implementation Accelerator and the Belem Mission to 1.5)
σ Nature and indigenous recognition (e.g., Land rights for indigenous and traditional communities were secured)
σ Sectoral and technological action (e.g., Expanding renewable energy capacity, deploying electronic vehicles, and investing in carbon removal technologies)
Etc.
We are as well re-discussing shortcomings and challenges resulted from COP30 like the ones below:
σ No formal commitment to phase out fossil fuels (as part of fossil fuel transition)
σ Emissions gap between global emitters and others
σ Logistical and political challenges
σ and other issues surrounding adaptation and finance technology.
Besides this stocktaking recap, we are preparing ourselves to follow up COP31.
• • Preparation to Follow up COP31
The website ‘cop31.co.uk’ (8) notes that
” The primary function of COP31 will be to operationalize the outcomes derived from preceding conferences, particularly focusing on the post-2025 financial architecture and the synthesis of the collective response to the Global Stocktake”.
Similarly, the website ‘earth.ac.uk’ (9) mentions the following considerations which are bound to prove critical along the road to Antalya:
“σ The integrity of the new generation of Nationally Determined Contributions
σ A decisive pivot from climate finance negotiations to climate finance delivery
σ Rebuilding trust in multilateral climate governance
σ Accountability and transparency mechanisms
σ Advancing a just energy transition
σ Adaptation and loss and implementation
σ Strengthening environmental democracy and public participation
σ Technology transfer and capacity building
σ Alignment between climate action and development goals”.
Our preparation is about looking into the above-mentioned points. It also includes the following:
σ Learning and sharing knowledge about climate issues (e.g., climate finance, deforestation, and adaptation)
σ Re-educating the community and the public about climate issues
σ Taking action to reduce our own climate footprint
σ Engaging in advocacy and campaigns via TCPSACI
σ Staying informed by following COP31 news
σ Running pre-COP31 events
σ Participating in climate webinars and local actions
Etc.
• • Preparation to Follow up COP31 by Tracking Transition Metrics
Preparing to follow or participate in COP31 requires aligning with a clear framework of implementation metrics established by the co-presidencies of Türkiye and Australia. Moving away from vague declarations, the UN Climate Change process has shifted strictly towards measurable real-economy targets and structural transition metrics.
The core metrics are structured across the COP31 Action Agenda alongside essential institutional benchmarks. They include the ones given below.
σ The Headline Presidency Targets (2035 Horizon)
The incoming COP31 presidency officially launched the “35 by 35” blueprint detailing quantitative baseline goals that state and non-state actors are expected to follow. Among these indicators, it is worth mentioning these three ones:
~ Global Electricity Rate
~ Building Sector Energy Intensity
~ Circular Economy and Waste.
σ Tracking Compliance and Transition Readiness Carried out by Organizations and Institutions
Their preparation relies on the three ‘Rs’ (Reduce, Restore, and Report) framework.
σ Tracking for Institutional and Policy Benchmarks
For analysts and national delegations, tracking COP31 involves keeping metrics on international climate finance and commitments. This encompasses Climate Finance Tracking, and Methane and Just Transition Indicators.
One can hope that COP31 will provide opportunity to children to have their rights, voices, and futures embedded into international climate policy.
• • Giving African Children a Stake in Climate Talks
Our request remains the same: “Giving African children a stake”; African children being representative of all other children. This is because the stake for African children is exceptionally high, encompassing their survival, health, education, and future, with many of them facing high or extremely high climate risk and impact. Therefore, what is at stake for African children is their health, survival, education disruption, protection and safety, and future prospects.
African children can be given a stake in climate talks by establishing formal platforms like an African Children’s Climate Council, integrating youth climate negotiators into official delegations, and prioritizing child-specific vulnerabilities in climate policies, etc.
• • CENFACS Slogan for Following up COP31
Without anticipating what may happen at the global climate talks in Antalya, let us inform our supporters that the slogan for this follow-up is: Antalya Prioritizes Children!
Antalya Prioritizes Children! refers to the recognition of children as a priority group in climate finance and policy. This slogan will help us in our efforts to meet the “triple bottom value” (that is, People, Planet, Prosperity). It will as well assist in meeting the needs of our climate stakeholders (that is, African children) who are adversely impacted but have no thing or little to do with climate change and have an interest in climate action.
To enquire about the above-mentioned pre-COP31 follow-up activity within CENFACS, particularly but not exclusively the tracking of transition metrics, and to support CENFACS’ TCPSACI and its sub-phase 3.4, please contact CENFACS.
Extra Messages
• Back-to-school Poverty Reduction Clinic 3 and Quality-of-Life Improving Surgery 2
• Implementing Financial Plan Updates for Your Households – In Focus from 16/09/2026: Preparing for Policy Shifts
• Implementing Intergenerational Financial Planning for Families – In Focus from Week Beginning Monday 14/09/2026: Phased Lifetime Gifting
• Back-to-school Poverty Reduction Clinic 3 and Quality-of-Life Improving Surgery 2
We are continuing our Back-to-school Poverty Reduction Clinics and Surgeries for Improving Quality of Life. For this week, we are dealing with Clinic 3 and Surgery 2.
• • Back-to-school Poverty Reduction Clinic 3 (B2SPRC3) to Be Held on 18/09/2026 under the Title of Housing and Relocation Matters
Let us first explain Housing and Relocation Matters and highlight what this Clinic 3 will cover.
• • • Understanding Housing and Relocation Matters
Housing and Relocation Matters in the context of Back-to-school Poverty Reduction Clinics refers to the comprehensive support provided to families facing housing instability, substandard living conditions, or forced displacement right as the new school year begins.
Concerning Housing Matters (or Housing Stability and Conditions), normally back-to-school clinics feature dedicated ‘housing desks’ or legal advisor to assist families with existing domestic issues that directly impact a student’s ability to learn. This assistance includes mitigating hidden homelessness, addressing substandard housing, and providing essential educational infrastructure.
Regarding Relocation Matters (Navigating Disruptive Moves), whether a move is voluntary (seeking a better neighbourhood) or forced (due to eviction, domestic violence, or council-managed out-of-area rehoming), relocation heavily disrupts a child’s academic routine. Clinics target this via school continuity and transport infrastructure, emergency re-enrollment support, and financial relocation aid.
• • • What Clinic 3 Includes (Ways of Working with Clinic 3 Applicants)
We can work with applicants to
~ connect them with local authority emergency resources or housing grants
~ help them fast-track maintenance requests
~ navigate legal safeguards
~ collaborate with furniture poverty groups to source free appliances, mattresses and studying utilities
~ signpost them to organizations offering emergency travel passes or fuel allowances so students can maintain school stability
~ find housing crisis caseworkers to quickly enroll children into new local schools
~ help families apply for Discretionary Housing Payments or council welfare funds to cover overlapping costs of a new lease or moving vans
etc.
• • Quality-of-Life Improving Surgery 2 (QoLIS2) to Be Run on 16/09/2026: School Life Adjustments
To approach QoLIS2, it is better to explain School Life Adjustments, then identify these adjustments.
• • • Explaining School Life Adjustments
School Life Adjustments in the context of QoLIS refer to the planned modifications, accommodations, and phased strategies designed to help a student safely transition back into the academic and social environment during the back-to-school period. They are about balacing academic continuity with physical healing, managing common post-op hurdles like fatigue, pain, limited mobility, and psychological vulnerability.
• • • Identifying School Life Adjustments
Normally they are broken down into four core categories as follows:
a) Attendance and scheduling adjustments: They include phased or graded return, attendance policy leniency, and streamlined curriculum.
b) Physical and environmental accommodations: They cover early class dismissal, ergonomic and mobility support, and the ‘no-backpack’ rule.
c) Medical and personal care adjustments: They encompass open restroom and hydration access, PE waivers and locker room modifications, healthcare plan coordination.
d) Social and emotional support: These adjustments involve peer education and re-entry support, and buddy systems.
Through QoLIS2, we can work with surgery applicants to ensure that they get these adjustments from their school/children’s school based on their children’s medical, health, social and environmental conditions.
Besides that, there are support from various bodies (including charities) that can help for back-to-school housing and adjustment matters. During our clinics and surgeries, we shall work with users to explore and find the suitable bodies or organisations that can help them to bridge the gap in the service they receive.
For any queries and/or enquiries about B2SPRC3 and QoLIS2, please do not hesitate to contact CENFACS. Similarly, for further details about CENFACS’ Back-to-school Poverty Reduction Clinics and Quality-of-Life Improving Surgeries, please also communicate with CENFACS.
• Implementing Financial Plan Updates for Your Households – In Focus from 16/09/2026: Preparing for Policy Shifts
To prepare for policy shifts, one needs to understand them.
• • What Are Policy Shifts?
Within household financial planning literature, policy shifts refer to adjustments families make in response to changes in government legislation, tax rules, and economic regulations.
To prepare for policy shifts, households and families can, for instance, factor in upcoming tax rules, such as changes to pension inheritance tax rules or electric vehicle mileage taxes due in 2027 and 2028.
Key areas of policy shifts include taxation adjustments, pensions and inheritance rules, cost-of-living and energy policies, regulatory guidance support (like of the ones from the Financial Conduct Authority).
• • Working with households on Preparing for Policy Shifts
This involves co-creation that uses a participatory design framework that moves households from passive recipients to active co-designers of their financial futures. It means managing the following process with them:
σ Building the foundation by engaging and listening to them
It is about understanding the real-world financial friction points households have, before proposing any policy changes. This involves running lived-experience panels, focus groups, and anonymous feedback loops (with SMS surveys or physical drop-boxes).
σ Co-designing the policy shifts (by collaborating)
It involves bringing raw challenges to the table and building solutions together with households through the organisation of co-creation workshops where we can use mapping tools, like journey mapping, to trace how a charity policy change impact a household’s weekly budget, scenario testing, etc.
σ Implement financial plan updates
This phase includes peer-led coaching, incremental rollouts, and tiered financial toolkits.
Those having problems or interested in Preparing for Policy Shifts can contact CENFACS for further details.
If you need support with your Implementing Financial Plan Updates, please do not hesitate to communicate with CENFACS.
• Implementing Intergenerational Financial Planning for Families – In Focus from Week Beginning Monday 14/09/2026: Phased Lifetime Gifting
To deal with Phased Lifetime Gifting, let us explain it and lay down how we can work with our members or beneficiaries.
• • What Is Phased Lifetime Gifting?
It is an estate planning strategy where you gradually transform wealth or assets to your beneficiaries over a period of time while you are still alive, rather than giving away a massive lump sum all at once or waiting to pass it on through your will.
By phasing your gifts, you spread out your wealth distribution to maximize tax efficiencies, maintain control over your financial security, and support your loved ones when they need it most.
• • Working with CENFACS Community Members on Phased Lifetime Gifting
As a charity, CENFACS can play a strategic role as a neutral facilitator, helping its members or supporters and beneficiaries design phased lifetime gifting and intergenerational wealth strategies.
We can guide families through three core pathways that integrate family wealth transfers with charitable impact. These gifting strategies include the following:
a) The Dual-Benefit Gift Pathway (with Immediate Impact)
b) Managed Structures (Donor-advised Funs and Family Foundations)
c) Strategic Legacy Planning (the 10% Rule Alternative).
Those who would like to get further information about Phased Lifetime Giftings well as way of working with them on this matter, they can contact CENFACS.
Similarly, those who may be interested in Implementing Intergenerational Financial Planning or in discussing their Intergenerational Financial Plan, they should not hesitate to contact CENFACS. Equally, those who would like to tackle intergenerational poverty can communicate with CENFACS.
Message in French (Message en français)
À paraître à l’automne 2026 : le 93e numéro de FACS
Titre de ce numéro
« Les Organisations Caritatives Africaines et Leurs Efforts de Réduction de la Pauvreté par le Biais du Commerce en Afrique »
Synopsis de ce numéro
Les Organisations Caritatives Africaines (OCA) contribuent au commerce — ou au développement du commerce — ainsi qu’à la réduction de la pauvreté en Afrique. Elles aident, et peuvent aider davantage, à réduire la pauvreté en passant d’une logique de dépendance à l’aide à une démarche d’autonomisation des producteurs/rices locaux/les, leur permettant ainsi de participer aux échanges commerciaux régionaux et mondiaux. Elles peuvent y parvenir grâce à des approches favorisant le commerce, bien que celui-ci ne constitue pas, à lui seul, une solution miracle ou une panacée. Elles peuvent soutenir le commerce et l’autonomie par le biais de la microfinance et des prêts, de l’approvisionnement local et de l’entrepreneuriat. Toutefois, le commerce porté par des organisations caritatives se heurte à des limites liées aux perturbations du marché, aux carences en infrastructures et aux réalités économiques plus larges du continent africain. C’est précisément le sujet du 93e numéro de FACS.
Le 93e numéro de FACS poursuit nos travaux sur les alternatives, dans le cadre de l’« Année des Alternatives 2026 » de CENFACS. Ce numéro aborde les alternatives à la dépendance à l’aide internationale et aux réductions de celle-ci. Le commerce offre effectivement une telle alternative. Les données statistiques sur l’impact du commerce dans la réduction de la pauvreté en Afrique semblent indiquer que les échanges internationaux et régionaux ont un effet nettement plus positif et significatif que l’aide étrangère ou caritative traditionnelle et les investissements directs étrangers. L’ouverture commerciale présente une corrélation directe et robuste avec la réduction de la pauvreté, en particulier dans les pays à faible revenu. De même, les statistiques macroéconomiques révèlent que l’aide caritative traditionnelle peut engendrer un effet de substitution en nuisant involontairement aux structures commerciales locales africaines (par exemple, via les dons de vêtements ou de colis alimentaires).
Les OCA contribuent — ou peuvent contribuer davantage — aux efforts de réduction de la pauvreté par le biais du commerce. Les statistiques indiquent que ces organisations, tout comme les organisations non gouvernementales (ONG), participent à la réduction de la pauvreté par le commerce de manière indirecte plutôt que directe. Elles agissent principalement comme des catalyseurs à l’échelle locale, plutôt que comme des opérateurs commerciaux intervenant au niveau macroéconomique. Si l’intégration à grande échelle — telle que la Zone de Libre-Échange Continentale Africaine (ZLECAf), qui devrait permettre à 30 à 50 millions d’Africains de sortir de l’extrême pauvreté (10) — est prometteuse, les données empiriques montrent qu’une libéralisation accrue des échanges ne profite pas automatiquement aux populations pauvres en l’absence d’interventions structurelles ciblées au niveau local. Les données statistiques et les analyses économiques mettent en lumière les moyens spécifiques par lesquels la société civile africaine, y compris les OCA, peut combler ce fossé. Elles peuvent y parvenir en favorisant la microfinance et les petites et moyennes entreprises, en levant les obstacles structurels grâce à des politiques complémentaires et en passant d’une logique d’aide extérieure à une dynamique de création de richesse.
Le principal argument concernant la contribution des OCA s’articule autour d’un changement de paradigme visant à rompre avec la dépendance. Les critiques de la dépendance à l’aide internationale soutiennent qu’au lieu de compter sur l’aide étrangère traditionnelle et paternaliste — qui engendre souvent des cycles de dépendance, nuit aux marchés locaux et freine la croissance — il vaut mieux soutenir des initiatives fondées sur le commerce, permettant aux communautés africaines de réduire durablement la pauvreté. Cet argument central repose sur plusieurs piliers : le passage de « l’aide au commerce », le renforcement de l’autonomie des acteurs/rices du commerce informel et des micro-commerçant(e)s, la promotion de réformes commerciales structurelles et équitables, ainsi que la gestion du défi de la complémentarité des politiques. À cet égard, le 93e numéro de FACS présentera la manière dont les pays africains peuvent développer des infrastructures locales, renforcer l’inclusion financière en milieu rural et promouvoir la bonne gouvernance, afin de permettre aux groupes marginalisés de tirer parti du commerce et de l’ouverture des marchés.
Les OCA peuvent apporter ce soutien en agissant en tant que facilitatrices ou intermédiaires. Ainsi, le 93e numéro de FACS mettra en lumière le modèle de facilitateur ou d’intermédiaire adopté par ces organisations. Elles opèrent principalement comme intermédiaires et/ou facilitatrices, plutôt que d’agir elles-mêmes en tant que négociants commerciaux. Si une infime minorité d’OCA peut se livrer à des activités commerciales directes, la grande majorité d’entre elles se concentrent sur la mise en place de systèmes, le renforcement des compétences et le développement d’infrastructures afin de permettre aux populations locales de commercer avec succès.
Pour justifier la réduction de la pauvreté par le commerce, le 93e numéro de FACS s’appuiera sur des théories commerciales et économiques, en particulier celles expliquant comment les OCA peuvent faciliter les échanges pour réduire la pauvreté en Afrique. Parmi ces théories figurent les théories classiques de la facilitation des échanges, centrées sur les nations et les entreprises, ainsi que des adaptations modernes expliquant comment des acteurs tiers, tels que les organisations caritatives, peuvent combler le fossé entre les producteurs marginalisés et les marchés mondiaux. À cet égard, il convient de citer la théorie du « débouché pour les surplus » (Vent-for-Surplus), la théorie Heckscher-Ohlin (ou de la dotation en facteurs), la théorie des avantages comparatifs (le modèle ricardien de cette théorie), la nouvelle théorie du commerce international et l’économie institutionnelle (ou théorie des défaillances du marché).
Afin de mesurer la contribution des pays africains à la réduction de la pauvreté par le biais du commerce, le 93e numéro de FACS s’appuiera sur un cadre d’indicateurs à plusieurs niveaux permettant de suivre l’impact des échanges commerciaux. Ces indicateurs seront répartis selon les catégories suivantes :
la facilitation des échanges et le renforcement des capacités ; l’intégration des marchés et la performance économique ; les données socio-économiques directes au niveau des ménages ; et la réduction multidimensionnelle de la pauvreté.
Ces mesures permettront de suivre indirectement les répercussions du commerce sur la pauvreté. Elles faciliteront également le suivi d’éléments allant des résultats organisationnels immédiats aux indicateurs macroéconomiques, en passant par le bien-être au niveau des communautés.
Loin de se limiter à de simples récits, le 93e numéro de FACS présentera des exemples d’initiatives, d’associations, de fondations et d’ONG africaines axées sur le commerce (telles que *The Initiative of African Trade and Prosperity*, *Village Enterprise*, etc.) qui contribuent à la réduction de la pauvreté en Afrique grâce au commerce, à l’intégration des marchés et au micro-entrepreneuriat. Pour sortir les populations de la pauvreté, ces organisations délaissent généralement la distribution gratuite de biens (susceptible de perturber les marchés locaux) au profit de l’agro-industrie axée sur le marché, de la microfinance et des groupes de solidarité, de la micro-franchise, etc.
Pour en a savoir plus
Pour en savoir plus sur ce 93e numéro ou pour en réserver un exemplaire avant sa parution, veuillez contacter le CENFACS.
Main Development
• Autumn 2026 Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects and Campaign
The following two items provide the main idea of our Autumn 2026 Starting XI Poverty Reduction Campaign:
∝ What Is Autumn Starting XI Poverty Reduction Campaign?
∝ Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects to Refresh Strategies When There Are Signs That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing
Before highlighting the projects making the Autumn Starting XI Poverty Reduction Campaign, let us explain this campaign.
• • What Is Autumn Starting XI Poverty Reduction Campaign?
It is an organised series of actions and operations designed to help achieve the goal of poverty reduction during the autumnal season.
The Campaign, which uses a football metaphor of ‘Starting Eleven‘, encompasses eleven distinct focuses or projects or appeals to build a full team of 11 relief efforts to combat multi-dimensional poverty during the Autumn season.
The Campaign is launched every September to align with pre-autumn season, the start of the new academic year, and seasonal fundraising with acute needs. Its main public-facing pillars include:
σ Virtual and In-person Open Days: Hosted every Friday throughout September to grant families immediate, friction-free access to advice services without needing prior registration.
σ Direct Support to Children: Targeted services structured around meeting the changing and emerging material needs of students heading back to classrooms.
σ Acute African Humanitarian Appeals: Dedicated segments of the ‘Starting Eleven‘ focus on international development, specifically targeting climate change and conflict-affected areas in Africa alongside ongoing health crises like the Ebola crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo. In other words, alongside local UK-based support, the Campaign’s numerical list of priorities often extends to international/African relief, including health, climate change, conflict-driven humanitarian appeals in Africa.
σ Environmental Scope: The environmental aspect of the ‘Starting Eleven‘ campaign lies in the deep, unbreakable link between socioeconomic vulnerability and ecological health, ensuring that combatting poverty alters how CENFACS as a community interacts with the surrounding ecosystems. This involves managing the poverty-environment nexus, ensuring that economic uplift does not come at the cost of ecological degradation, and that the campaign itself is run sustainably.
These eleven projects or core interventions make up actions to gain support for poverty reduction and build up opposition to practice that keeps poverty. These eleven projects – starting XI line-ups – are those we shall begin with to help reduce poverty this Autumn 2026.
The list of these eleven projects is given below together with their summaries. They are designed to help work with the communities here in the UK and Africa to freshly start Autumn. These projects are our Fresh Start ones and designed to help beneficiaries cope with the lingering effects of the cost-of-living crisis. What are these projects?
• • Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects to Refresh Strategies When There Are Signs That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing
The XI projects (to be deployed) we are talking about will allow us to start our overall Autumn Season’s poverty reduction campaign. This is why we call them as Starting XI Projects or Campaign.
11 PROJECTS TO REFRESH STRATEGIES WHEN THERE ARE SIGNS THAT THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF AN ECONOMIC CRISIS ARE EASING: 11 WAYS OF HELPING TO REDUCE AND END POVERTY THIS AUTUMN 2026
Please find below key highlights of projects making CENFACS’ Autumn 2026 of Refreshing Strategies When There Are Signs That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing, including the month each of these projects is supposed to start.
• • • Key Highlights of Autumn 2026 Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects
September 2026
5) Save Black Rhino (Diceros bicornis), Silene Cobalticola and Catifluus luteopus
Black Rhino (Diceros bicornis), Silene Cobalticola and Catifluus luteopus are part of Save Flora, Fauna and Funga projects, where Black Rhino (Diceros bicornis) acts for Fauna, Silene Cobalticola represents Flora, and Catifluus luteopus symbolises Funga.
These three species (that is, Black Rhino, Silene Cobalticola and Catifluus luteopus) will continue our advocacy work on the protection of animals, plants and fungi, while we are carrying on implementing new ways of working with local people and organisations in Africa to help save flora, fauna and funga. (Advocacy)
6) Leaves-based Advice with Impact (Impact-driven Local Advising) Focusing on Energy Matters
It is a step forward within the framework of the advice service we provide to the community. The leaves element within our local advice package, which marked CENFACS’ 2021 Year of Leaves, will continue to feature the advisory process of helping the community to reduce poverty.
In 2023, we included impact to this package. Advice with impact means that advice will be given with an impact strategy to maximise outcomes for the beneficiaries. In other words, the advice we provide will not only address immediate problems, but also will contribute to overall well-being by reducing the type of poverty that the advisee suffers and enhancing advisee’s quality of life.
It is a professional methology we use and that focus on delivering guidance, resources, and policy decisions that result in measurable, positive transformations in beneficiaries’ day-to-day lives. Instead of just providing information or tracking basic output metrics, this approach prioritizes long-term outcomes. This means focusing on systemic improvement, enhanced well-being, and community resilience.
The core frameworks of this Impact-driven Local Advising include place-based interventions, co-production and local trust, lived-experience metrics, cross-sector collaboration, etc.
This coming Autumn, we will be introducing Energy Advice as part of our advisory support. This new way of working with the community will be added to our existing support services and activities as well as existing projects (like Basic Community Support, Consume to Reduce Poverty, and Bridging Financial Information Gap).
The New Advice Service will be a free, impartial programme that will help households manage utility bills, reduce energy use, and escape fuel/energy poverty while mitigating the adverse impacts of energy crisis on them.
The new support will include bill and debt advisory support, income maximization, energy efficiency, and assistance in signing up for the Priority Register or Warm Home Discount.
While we shall continue with the usual areas of our local advice, the focus for this Season will be Energy matters. Specifically, we shall work with the community on ways of reducing energy poverty and mitigating the negative effects of energy crisis. (Advice)
7) A la Une (Autumn Leaves of Action for the Upkeep of the Nature in Existence
‘A la Une’ will include our sub-advocacy work on nature, which is Sustainable Trajectories for the Nature. This year, A la Une project will focus on Critically Endangered Mammalian Species.
In the last week of September 2026, we shall focus on 5 key critically endangered large mammalian species (i.e., Black Rhinoceros, African Forest Elephant, Eastern Gorilla, Ethiopian Wolf, and Addax Antelope) through our new initiative called ‘NYIAMAMINENE’.
NYIAMAMINENE – which stands for Nurturing Yearning Into Action Maintaining All Mammals In Natural Environment Not Exploited – is an advocacy for the critically endangered large species in Africa.
Far from being a philosophy of compassionate conservation and radical rewilding, NYIAMAMINENE addresses the moral imperative to transform human empathy for wildlife into systemic protection, ensuring all mammalian species can live autonomously in their natural habitats without human exploitation.
NYIAMAMINENE can be broken into three direct conceptual frameworks, which are 1) Nurturing Yearning into Action 2) Maintaining All Mammals in Natural Environment 3) Not Exploited. (Campaign)
October 2026
11) Autumn Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief Appeals
Depending on the urgency and scale of the disaster/crises/shocks in Africa, CENFACS shall launch either of these two types of appeals:
σ Humanitarian Assistance Appeals to help provide immediate relief and support to those affected by the disaster or crisis;
σ Humanitarian Disaster Relief Appeals to assist in giving long-term recovery and support to those affected by disasters to recover and rebuild their lives.
CENFACS can also make Humanitarian Relief Appeals to provide the immediate, short-term assistance to those affected by crises, such as food, water, shelter, and immediate care in Africa.
CENFACS will further launch Humanitarian Emergency Appeals if there are events that pose a critical threat to the health, safety, security, or wellbeing of a community or large group of people in Africa; events often due to natural disasters, armed conflicts or other major emergencies (health emergency like Ebola). In such as cases, CENFACS will collaborate with other organisations working on the issues to address the immediate needs and prevent future suffering or damages.
These appeals are a renewed engagement with supporters via appeals to deal with the exacerbation of poverty by climate change, the enduring cost-of-living crisis and any spotted lingering effects of health crisis as well as the emergence of threats brought by Mpox and Ebola as well as other diseases in Africa. These humanitarian relief and emergency appeals, which will help people and communities in most desperate situation, will include as well
~ short-term environmental strikes and disasters linked to climate change cycles (like in the cases of Morocco-Safi earthquake and Libya deadly floods and landslides in 2023)
~ long-term environmental storms and catastrophes (e.g., the risk of freshwater sources to be contaminated in some parts of Africa by viruses, germs, parasites and pollutants creating water scarcity)
~ short-term crises and armed conflicts and disputes (e.g., the probable intensification of violence and worsening of humanitarian crisis in the African Sahel)
~ wars linked to economic trends and business cycles (e.g., the geo-economic tensions between Africa’s trading bloc and other economic blocs)
~ and long-running and permanent wars and structural warfare (e.g., the deterioration of the security situation in African countries with the possibility of long-running civil wars). (Humanitarian appeals)
4) Making Memorable Positive Difference (MM+D)
The focus for this October History Month will be on the History of Africa’s Critical Minerals in lifting people out of poverty. We shall revisit the different phases of this history, notably:
a) The pre-colonial trading and craftsmanship
b) The colonial exploitation and the extractive model
c) Modern changes and reclaiming movements.
Our work for this year’s MM+D will be about identifying the historical figures (and families) in African societies’ mined, smelted, and traded metals, as well as their legacies. (History project)
10) Aid to Sustainable Wealth Building, Employability and Support Ecosystems
It is the next step in our Campaign to End Poverty Induced by Rising the Costs of Living. This Campaign is an organised series of actions to gain support for the cost-of-living poor so that something can be done for them. These actions need to result in change, particularly the reduction and end of the cost-of-living poverty. The latter is now a barrier for many poor.
We shall continue our alignment of this campaign with the typical phases of crisis (i.e., crisis, de-escalation, stabilisation, resolve and post-crisis) as set it up in October 2022. We shall be dealing with the long-term action from this campaign, while continuing to offer the other two services (short- and medium-term services) linked to this campaign.
The Long-term Actions relating to this Campaign are:
σ Help beneficiaries improve their productivity and capacity to earn or generate income
σ Support them to consume green and local so that they are less exposed to the volatility of the international prices of goods and services
σ Find ways of scaling down repressive or punitive market dictatorship on them.
To them, we have added Aid to Sustainable Wealth Building, Employability and Support Ecosystems. So, the next step centers on building systemic, long-term financial resilience and preventative support. This covers sustainable wealth building, employability, and preventative local support ecosystems. This strategic shift (that is, relief to resilience) includes:
σ Transition to direct cash and dignified autonomy
σ Integrated employability and skill development
σ Long-term financial coaching and advocacy
σ Warm referral networks.
This strategic shift will be taking place via what we called ‘GARSIA’ (that is Guidance, Advice, Referrals, Signposting, Information and Advocacy) services.
The campaign action about Aid to Sustainable Wealth Building, Employability and Support Ecosystems focuses on shifting traditional ‘trickle-down’ economics to a generative, self-sustaining economy through three distinct operational pillars:
a) sustainable wealth building
b) employability (fair work and reskilling)
c) support ecosystems. (Poverty-relieving campaign)
November 2026
9) Autumn Help through Economic Truths That Speak for Those in Need – NEW
This new initiative is about working with households on the foundational real-world principle of how resources, markets, and human behaviour interact. It is about them knowing whether the rules governing how societies function are not only inescapable but also work or speak for them. It is further a fundamental, evidence-based economic principles showing that poverty is primarily a systemic failure – such as a lack of cash, capital, and institutional access. Modern economics increasingly demonstrates that traditional, top-down policies often misread the economic choices of low-income populations.
To build an economy that truly works for everyone, it requires several core economic truths expressed as follows:
σ Poverty is a lack of cash and assets, not a lack of capability
σ Direct cash can be more efficient than advice
σ The premium of being poor
σ Investing in the poor drives total economic growth.
The above-mentioned expressions or truths or realities make Autumn Help with Economic Truths That Speak for Those in Need. Economic truths can speak for them by replacing complex jargon with clear, human-centered data that exposes the real, systemic causes of poverty.
Autumn Help with Economic Truths That Speak for Those in Need, which will be a resource, will contain economic skills, new information, tips and hints to help the community learn economic truths or realities that speak for them. This initiative or resource could start or be published before November 2026. (Resource)
1) Women & Children FIRST Development Day
This year, our Development Day will still be about skills that can be learnt and developed in order to freshly start Autumn 2026. It will be about Women, Children and Alternative Skills to Use When Signs Indicating That the Negative Effects of an Economic Crisis Are Easing (a NEW initiative). When signs indicate that the negative effects of a crisis are lessening, alternative skills or competencies can be employed to manage the situation effectively.
In the last six years, the Development Day has been designed to resonate with the November month of Skills Development within CENFACS. This year’s Development Day will also reverberate with the Skills Development Month within CENFACS.
Alternative Skills are non-traditional or modern abilities – such as social media fluency, digital content creation, or niche technical adaptability – that job seekers highlight on a CV to stand out beyond standard qualification. The term can also refer to capabilities gained through skills via alternative routes rather than a traditional four year degree or skills learned via alternative credentials like bootcamps. (Thoughts)
8) Advice for Africa-based Sister Organisations (Focusing on Charity Investing Strategy) and Guidance for Not-for-profit Impact Investing in Africa (on Not-for-profit Investing Strategy)
8.1) Advice for Africa-based Sister Organisations (with a Focus on Charity Investing Strategy)
Our support to Africa-based Sister Organisations via advice will continue to operate to help these organisations to overcome many challenges they face such as changing climate, aid cuts, technology transfer and the cost-of-living crisis.
The focus for the Autumn 2026 season will be on Charity Investing Strategy, that is on a plan used by charity trustees to grow and protect their organization’s money while staying true to its mission and charity objects.
8.2) Guidance for Not-for-profit Impact Investing in Africa (on Not-for-profit Investing Strategy)
Guidance to not-for-profit investors with impact in Africa will be Not-for-profit Investing Strategy involving outside investors (rather than just internal trustees). The focus will be on how these investors can generate a positive social or environmental impact alongside a poverty reduction return, without primary goal of maximizing private profit. The guidance will help them better direct their capital to generate both a measurable social or environmental benefit and poverty reduction return.
Under CENFACS’ Guidance for Investing in African Not-for-profit Organisations and Causes in Africa, we run a programme to support not-for-profit investors in Africa. For both ASOs and not-for-profit investors, we have planned to conduct more activities in the area of investing strategies this coming November 2026. (Advice & Guidance)
2) Practical Household-level Data Literacy Skills – NEW
Data are deeply embedded in households. Households need data literacy skills to handle their data since public services and economic markets have – long time ago – transitioned to data-driven and ‘digital-first’ models. Households or families can face a steep poverty premium where a lack of data management skills results in higher household expenses and missed economic opportunities.
Practical Household-level Data Literacy Skills can help them avoid steep poverty premium. This initiative will help those families/households lagging behind and those wanting to learn more to acquire the skills relating to the following:
σ Data budgeting and connectivity optimization
σ Micro-financial and benefit data literacy
σ Sustainable resource and consumption tracking.
Households/families need these appropriate skills about data to properly manage their lives. They do not need to be data scientists.
The initiative will aim at empowering them with the above-mentioned skills to deal with data that run their life. It will help them to have control over their data and life while keeping on track with technology. (Data and Insight Advocacy & Skills)
3) Project for Making Bookkeeping and Accounting Drive Poverty Reduction – NEW
Make Bookkeeping and Accounting Drive Poverty Reduction’ Project (MB&ADPRP) is a poverty-reducing initiative of transforming bookkeeping and accounting into direct drivers of poverty reduction. It shifts financial data from passive compliance (satisfying donor checklists) into active tools for grassroots empowerment that build community assets, optimize local cooperative pricing, and secure equitable resource distribution for marginalized groups.
By teaching local groups micro-bookkeeping, cost analysis, and asset tracking, MB&ADPRP turns financial literacy into a direct catalyst for income generation and poverty alleviation.
The core goals of this outcome-driven project are local bookkeeping and accounting capacity and capability building, asset and wealth creation, bypassing donor dependence, and democratic resource control. (Support and Resource)
Note:
As said earlier, the above XI projects will allow us to start our overall Autumn Season’s poverty reduction campaign. This is why we call them as Autumn Starting XI Poverty Reduction Projects or Campaign.
Although they are scheduled for Autumn 2026, we may slightly alter our initial plan and or introduce occasional initiatives to cope with the reality of the unpredictability and complexity of development situations (e.g., side effects of the cost-of-living crisis, humanitarian and emergency situations), in which case we shall let you know as early as we can.
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• References
(1) https://commonslibrary-parliament.uk/research.uk/research-briefings/CBP-10100/(accessed in September 2026)
(2) https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/inflationandpriceindices (accessed in September 2026)
(3) https://www.verywellmind.com/cope-with-a-crisis-or-trauma-3144525# (accessed in September 2024)
(4) https://www.povertystoplight.org/en/news/empowerin-poor-populations:-how-business-can-transform-poverty-relief/ (accessed in September 2026)
(5) https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/12/what-happened-cop30-whats-next/ (accessed in March 2026)
(6) https://unfccc.int/cop31 (accessed in March 2026)
(7) https://www.wri.org/insights/cop30-outcomes-next-steps (accessed in March 2026)
(8) https://cop31.co.uk (accessed in March 2026)
(9) https://earth.ac.uk/the-road-to-antalya-reflection-on-the-outcomes-of-cop30-and-key-considerations-for-cop31/ (accessed in March 2026)
(10) https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/06/30/free-trade-pact-could-help-lift-up-to-50-million-africans-from-extreme-poverty (accessed in March 2026)
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• Help CENFACS Keep the Poverty Relief Work Going This Year
We do our work on a very small budget and on a voluntary basis. Making a donation will show us you value our work and support CENFACS’ work, which is currently offered as a free service.
One could also consider a recurring donation to CENFACS in the future.
Additionally, we would like to inform you that planned gifting is always an option for giving at CENFACS. Likewise, CENFACS accepts matching gifts from companies running a gift-matching programme.
Donate to support CENFACS!
FOR ONLY £1, YOU CAN SUPPORT CENFACS AND CENFACS’ NOBLE AND BEAUTIFUL CAUSES OF POVERTY REDUCTION.
JUST GO TO: Support Causes – (cenfacs.org.uk)
Thank you for visiting CENFACS website and reading this post.
Thank you as well to those who made or make comments about our weekly posts.
We look forward to receiving your regular visits and continuing support until the end of 2026 and beyond.
With many thanks.
