Welcome to CENFACS’ Online Diary!
12 August 2020
Post No. 156
The Week’s Contents
• FACS, Issue No. 68: Essential Economy That Relieves Poverty In Africa
• Trending in Poverty Reduction in a Summer of Covid-19 Compliance, In Focus from Week Beginning 10/08/2020: Social Networking as Connector…
• Planning Review of Summer 2020 Humanitarian Relief Appeal Projects
… and much more!
Key Messages
• FACS, Issue No. 68: Essential Economy That Relieves Poverty in Africa
The top content of this week’s post is the Essential Economy That Relieves Poverty In Africa. This top content makes the 68th Issue of FACS, CENFACS’ bilingual newsletter.
Introductory Notes to the 68th Issue of FACS
The 68th Issue starts by clearing the way in making the difference between essential economy and the essentialist vision of the economy in Page 2. In doing so, it sets clear the goalposts or the direction of travel in helping us to understand how essential economy as a revived economic model can help reduce poverty in Africa.
It then goes on in highlighting the role of Africa-based Sister Organisations in the essential economy, especially in the restoration of local production and in helping reduce poverty and enhance sustainable development at the time of the coronavirus pandemic. It also stresses the importance of charitable activities in the post-Covid-19 recovery period.
The issue shows us that although essential economy is not an end of itself, it can be a solution to poverty problems in Africa if a pan-African supply chain of essential commodities can be established.
As usual, we have our two pages (5 & 6) in French. The two pages are a kind of digest of the Newsletter FACS (of the 68th Issue) in French as they condense what is said in English by retelling it in French in a few and other words.
Page 5 highlights the essentialness of networking and the renewal of engagement by African organisations to their project beneficiaries via essential economy.
Page 6 speaks about the role of essential economy in the process of building back better Africa in the post-coronavirus era, while looking at essential economy as a way of connecting people to the local essential.
Our coverage of the 68th Issue also includes the caring attributes of essential economy as an economy that serves the poor and does not leave anyone behind. An essential economic project (“Essentia” Project) concludes this Issue in Page 10.
Besides these introductory notes to the Issue, there are key summaries of the pages making the 68th Issue of FACS, which can be found under the Main Development section of this post. They shade more lights about this lead content.
• Trending in Poverty Reduction in a Summer of Covid-19 Compliance
In Focus from Week Beginning 10/08/2020: Social Networking as Connector for Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Development
To run this second note of our trending activity, we will start with the definition of social networking. To define it, we are going to use a simple online and non-academic definition given by the website www.investopedia.com.
This website defines social networking as
“the use of internet-based social media sites [e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin and Instagram] to stay connected with friends, family, colleagues, customers, or clients” (1)
One can refer to this definition and follow the social purpose of social networking.
For example, one can follow how people are trying to reduce poverty and hardships they are experiencing through the use of social media platforms. Likewise, people could share poverty relief stories, sustainable development opportunities, tales about recycling items, etc. They can exchange information about jobs and accommodation while improving their skills about healthcare by following the Covid-19 messages or videos to protect against the virus.
One can do their own evaluation of the use of social networking to find out if what they exchange with others has to do with poverty reduction and sustainable development or not. In other words, they can assess if their social media connection leads to poverty reduction and sustainable development or not.
These are the kinds of experiences that are interesting in following the social networking as a connector from the perspective of our trending activity. It can connect those in need to a variety of information and resources to help them reduce poverty and enhance sustainable development.
So, we are continuing in following the direction of socials through social networking in a Summer of Covid-19 Compliance.
To follow this trend with CENFACS or to discuss it, please contact CENFACS.
• Planning Review of Summer 2020 Humanitarian Relief Appeal Projects
We are now nearly ready to add these projects to our Summer Humanitarian Relief Appeal Campaign as their planning review has been completed. These projects include the following:
√ All Gifts for All Coronavirus-affected Poor
√ Iconic Young Career for a Coronavirus-free Environment
√ International Networking& Protection against Covid-19
√ ‘Covid-19 Secure’ ELCLASSICO International
They are now Covid-19 proof.
For further details and to support any of them, just contact CENFACS.
Extra Messages
• Online TRACK to CENFACS e-charity Summer Shop for Summer Goods Donations and Buys
Every season is an opportunity to do something about the environment and poverty. You can recycle or donate your unwanted or unused goods and presents to do something about the environment and or poverty. You can also buy goods to meet the same ends.
This Summer you can online track CENFACS e-charity shop to help the environment and poverty relief. If you are a fun of online tracking and shopping, you can take an online course of action or online path or even course of travel to save the environment and reduce poverty with CENFACS.
Instead of you physically going to physically shop or donate your goods, you can from the comfort of your home buy or donate goods to CENFACS e-charity shop to help the deserving cause of poverty relief and sustainable development.
To support us either by shopping or supplying us with products or goods you no longer want or use so that we can sell and raise the money for the good cause of poverty relief, please go http://cenfacs.org.uk/shop/
• Virtual Trips for Field Research
Trips to the local need this week include as well those travels made or to be made to conduct field work research in Africa and anywhere else in the context of poverty relief and sustainable development projects.
Because of the coronavirus pandemic and the lockdowns it has generated, we recommend to those who want do trips for field work research to only do them virtually. In exceptional circumstances whereby people have to physically visit coronavirus-affected people or related projects, it is in the interest of everybody that they wear appropriate personal protective equipment to protect themselves and others against the Covid-19. They should also follow local, national and international rules related to the protection against Covid-19 such as social and physical distancing rules, personal hygiene (washing of hands with soaps at least 20 seconds), disinfecting of their own properties if they have been in any site, etc.
These field work researches or practical experiences to gain knowledge and skills could be of varying forms such as observation and collection of raw data, interviews, group discussions, practical activities to support overseas development projects, etc.
If you are a researcher and did or are doing some field work research on sustainable development and poverty reduction, and think that your work can enhance CENFACS’ work, you could share with us your experience, research findings or outcomes.
To share the experiences and results of your field work research, just contact CENFACS and CENFACS will get back to you.
• Mission Activity about Social Distancing Run to Reduce Poverty in a Summer of Covid-19 Compliance
As part of CENFACS’ Mission Activity, you can virtually run or walk from any location you choose, including home. You can run, jog, or walk on the road, on the trail, on the treadmill, at the gym or on the track (or even at another race). You can run your own race, at your own pace, and time it yourself.
Again, one should follow the Covid-19 restrictions and guidance in order to protect themselves and the members of the public and those around them.
All we are asking in this Mission Activity is to complete 4 Km Run wherever you want to do them. To do it, you need to wear the recommended personal protective equipment and to observe the social distancing rules. Before doing it, please let CENFACS know.
Main Development
• FACS, Issue No. 68: Essential Economy That Relieves Poverty in Africa
• • Page summaries (p. 2 – p. 10)
The following are the key summaries of each page making the contents of the 68th Issue of FACS.
The difference between essential economy and essentialist vision of the economy in the fight against poverty (p. 2)
The literature review about essential economy shows that there are no many definitions about it. There are definitions of essential economy that are linked to the situation of lockdown. Some use a pragmatic or circumstantial definition to define essential economy as ‘any economic activity that has been allowed to stay open and functioning during the period of lockdown of the economy linked to the coronavirus pandemic’.
The above politically-oriented definition has some anomalies or irregularities as it is restrictive and timely limited. Essential economy should not only be defined with reference to the lockdown as this was an exceptional or temporary situation. Yet, essential economy is the economy of everyday. We heard it from people saying this: buy only what is essential. But what does essential economy really mean?
Understanding essential economy
To understand essential economy, we are going to refer to a dictionary definition of the economy and link this definition to the word essential. This definition has been chosen because not everybody making CENFACS’ audience is an economist or understands complex economic jargons.
Collins English Dictionary (2) defines economy as
‘the system by which the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services is organised in a country or community’ (p. 267).
This system can become essential if it is based on absolutely important or indispensable goods and services for life sustenance. This system can then operate at any time and does not need the time of lockdown to be made relevant. Because it is based on what is essential or fundamental to maintain any life, it is close to those who are in most need to maintain their life, the poor and neediest.
Essential economy is different from the essentialist economic view
Arguing about the need of essential economy is different from having an essentialist view of the economy. Essential economy is different from essentialist vision of the economy, just as one should make a difference between protection and protectionism.
Indeed, the essentialist thinking of the economy is the belief or doctrine that the different entities or components of the economy have their attributes that make them what they are or their essence. This kind of way of thinking can lead to status quo. If one thinks like this, there will not be any progress in the reduction of poverty.
In order to reduce poverty, one needs to remove both ideological or mental and material barriers that keep poor people always poor. If one wants to reduce and end poverty, one needs to make progress in their thinking or mind set.
So, we are approaching essential economy from the perspective of reducing poverty and sustainable development while recognising positive aspects of the essentialist theories or bodies of analysis. Our approach is an economic and sustainable development one in the fight against poverty and hardships. In this respect, our view lies in the progress of the essential economy in its capacity to pull out people out of poverty. It is this view which has been reflected in the different parts of the contents of the 68th Issue of FACS.
Below you find more contents about this Issue.
Africa-based Sister Organisations, Essential Local Production and Natural Resources (p. 3)
The experience of Covid-19, which is still to come, in restricting local people to shop locally and in accessing products, is in itself a call for Africa-based Sister Organisations (ASOs) working in the field of production to have a local focus, while preserving natural resources in the fight against poverty and hardships.
Some people can see it as a post-coronavirus strategy. However, in a realistic world local production should be part of any efforts to reduce and end poverty. Whether it is part or not of a post-coronavirus strategy, ASOs can work with their beneficiaries to restore essential local production sometimes destroyed or disregarded because of a number of reasons or factors such as armed conflicts, environmental decay, climate change, pressure from global businesses (like multinational corporations, etc.) in search of sources of natural resources. They can do it while working on the preservation of natural resources in the fight against poverty and hardships.
There are many examples whereby ASOs are trying to restore essential local production in rural areas while helping local people to stay home during the lockdown in many African countries. These examples of local production include: home-made facial masks, craft-made soaps and sanitising products to slow the spread of the coronavirus and protect local community health. In this process, they involve the preservation of natural resources by using only what is essential for this type of local production.
For further details and examples about this ASOs model of restoring local essential production while caring for the environment, please do not hesitate to contact CENFACS.
Sustainability of Essential Charitable Activities Run by Africa-based Organisations in the Post-Covid-19 Era (p. 3)
The question that one may be asking and trying to answer could be this one: How to maintain essential charitable activities in order to stay open and sustain locally in the post-Covid-19 era?
Charities are part of the essential economy, especially those working for the relief of poverty and hardships. Many of them run essential activities such as helping …
a) the homeless
b) the poor to access safe drinking water, primary healthcare and education
c) those in most need of food and drink
d) the unemployed people, refugees and asylum seekers, etc.
During the lockdown, there has been a soaring level of financial hardships and charities that work on financial advice can enormously help with advice.
During the Covid-19 outbreak and lockdown, there have been a lot of discussions about what is essential and what is non-essential. Given what has been said earlier, many of the activities run by charities are essential as they are absolutely important for the lifeline of those in need of them and who need them the most. Yet, many of their activities have been shut down because of the adverse effects and impacts of Covid-19 and the lockdown.
One could hope that in the post-Covid-19 area, the deserving activities that charities (like those of ASOs with charitable status) will be properly appreciated in keeping their place within the essential sector or economy.
The Supply Chain of Essential Commodities and Progress on Poverty Relief in Africa (p. 4)
Covid-19 has exposed the extreme vulnerability of Africa to the international supply chains of goods and services including those on which poor people depend upon. Redeveloping the continental supply chain of essential and critical commodities that poor people can access and improve their life outcomes and chances will help progress the relief and end of poverty.
In this respect, the Africa Continental Free Trade Agreement needs to include a great deal of essential economy. This African model of continental free trade agreement could have that part of the economy that is closer to the poor and those in most needs. As many studies suggested, this model of working together can have trade corridors that allow the free flow of essential economic commodities (or goods and services) to both mitigate the Covid-19 impacts and poverty. This continental free trade model would be better than the temporary lifting of tariffs on essential products and services.
So, the supply chain of essential goods and services can be improved under a wide model of working together so that poor people can access essential goods and services at any time (Covid-19 and no Covid-19 times). This way, progress on poverty relief in Africa can be made widely and regardless of the Covid-19 situation.
Further discussion on this topic can be addressed to CENFACS.
Making Essential Economy as a Solution to Poverty Problems (p. 4)
There are many discourses and models or solutions to poverty. In the context of this Issue, solving the problem of poverty could mean providing to poor people essential economic means to fight and sustain against poverty. These means could include: essential education, health, housing, employment, energy, income, consumption, skills, knowledge, opportunity, etc.
In all these matters, it is all about what constitutes the essence of them. Let’s take essential health, what is the essence of it or what is absolutely important for people to enjoy the kind of health that can be called indispensable. Let’s take another example like of essential housing: what constitutes essential living.
So, essential economy can provide solutions to poverty by providing to people essential accommodation, level of education, monetary income, sanitation, skills to find jobs, etc. It is an economy that has a real essence like in the theories of modalities. It is possible to make essential economy as a solution to poverty and hardships.
Is Essential Economy a Gender Affair in Africa? (p. 4)
Where our Africa-based Sister Organisations operate, essential economy does not choose between men and women. Both men and women make up the essential economic system. There is no such difference being a man or woman trying to produce and consume within this system. In this respect, essential economy is not gender-biased.
However, one can hear some saying that these activities are essential for women or for men. This could be related to the gender role in the society rather than a difference by virtue of essence of the economy. In other words, by essence the essential economic system is not engendered to create difference between men and women in Africa. If there is any gender disparity, it is not because the essential economy in itself is a gender affair by essence or nature. In fact, one of the virtues of essential economy is the caring of others. If one cares about others, they would not create a disparity against them.
Briefly, it is possible to argue that the essential economy does not discriminate between men and women as both need essential goods and services. If there is a gender disparity as far as the essential economy is concerned, this will not be to do with the nature of essential economy, but will be to do with humans’ own makings and behaviours.
For those who would like to further discuss this matter of essential economy and gender disparity, they can let CENFACS know.
Organisations africaines et leurs engagements sur l’économie essentielle (p. 5)
L’une des leçons à tirer du coronavirus est sur la capacité des organisations africaines à renouveler leurs engagements respectifs avec les bénéficiaires sur le plan de l’économie essentielle. Ce renouveau des engagements aura des effets bénéfiques pour les deux parties (organisations et projet bénéficiaires).
Le renouvellement des engagements à travers le modèle de l’économie essentielle peut permettre de réaliser plus de résultats en matière de réduction de la pauvreté et de faire des avancées sur la réalisation des objectifs du développement durable.
En effet, la crise du coronavirus a montré les limites de l’économie non-essentielle sur beaucoup de plans surtout sur celui de réduction de la pauvreté. Ces limites sont entre autres le non-essentiel qui pousse au gaspillage des ressources, et en particulier celui des ressources naturelles et rares. Ce non-essentiel ne fournit pas toujours des biens et services utiles à la réduction de la pauvreté.
En gros, en revalorisant le modèle de l’économie essentielle auprès de leurs usagers, cela permettre de préserver ensemble les acquis et réaliser davantage de résultats sur la réduction de la pauvreté. Cette revalorisation passera par la préparation ensemble des projets économiques essentiels visant à la réduction de la pauvreté.
Les organisations africaines, le réseautage en ligne et la réduction de la pauvreté (p. 5)
Il y a plusieurs manières d’appréhender le concept de « réseau ». Dans le cadre de cet article, nous l’appréhendons à travers les flux d’informations et de données que les organisations africaines échangent avec les autres membres de leurs réseaux.
L’établissement et le développement des flux d’informations et de données sur les réseaux sociaux avec les mêmes parties participantes à ces réseaux peuvent permettre de réaliser davantage de résultats collectifs sur la réduction de la pauvreté. Etant donné que nous sommes dans une situation de la pandémie de coronavirus, des tels flux et liens intégreraient le facteur sanitaire lié au Covid-19, si l’on veut qu’ils soient efficaces. Ces réseaux d’échange et de partage des informations et données sur le Covid-19 et sur les expériences en matière de réduction de la pauvreté seront un cadre idéal dans un monde et une Afrique où les distanciations sociales et confinements causés par le coronavirus ont démontré les limites du modèle de réseaux basé sur les contacts humains physiques.
En bref, les organisations africaines peuvent utiliser les vertus du réseautage en ligne pour non seulement échanger des informations entre elles, mis aussi pour se protéger contre le Covid-19 et partager des expériences de réduction de la pauvreté qu’offre le secteur essentiel.
Mieux reconstruire l’Afrique après le Covid-19 (p. 6)
Mieux reconstruire l’Afrique de l’après Covid-19 implique l’inclusion de l’économie essentielle aussi. Pendant la crise du coronavirus et la période du confinement, l’économie essentielle est devenue l’économie courante ou la règle du jeu de tous les jours du confinement. L’économie non-essentielle quant à elle, elle a été reléguée au banc des économies d’exception ou des réserves.
Si les organisations africaines veulent vraiment mieux reconstruire l’Afrique après le Covid-19, alors il y a lieu qu’elles pensent à rehausser la place et la valeur de l’économie essentielle au même piédestal que les autres économies. En effet, l’économie essentielle a fait ses preuves par exemple en matière d’approvisionnement des produits et services essentiels pour toutes les catégories de revenus (modeste, essentiel, moyen, élevé, etc.). Elle a su démontrer qu’elle est une économie pour tout le monde et qu’elle ne laisse personne derrière.
Pour qu’elles le fassent, cela implique qu’il faudrait développer une stratégie et des politiques pour l’économie essentielle. Au niveau de nos sœurs organisations africaines, il y a lieu qu’elles montent aussi des politiques et projets de réduction de la pauvreté afin qu’elles prennent des opportunités offertes par la démonstration que l’économie essentielle a faite. Cela nécessite des créations et des innovations sur les manières de réduire la pauvreté fondées sur les vertus de l’économie essentielle.
En résumé, mieux reconstruire l’Afrique après le Covid-19, c’est aussi mieux composer avec l’économie essentielle.
L’économie essentielle et la connexion à l’essentiel local (p. 6)
Comme toute économie, l’économie essentielle regorge des aspects positifs et négatifs. En s’attelant sur ses aspects positifs, on peut citer notamment la connexion à l’essentiel local. L’un des aspects positifs de cette économie est le recours et la revalorisation des ressources locales pour résoudre des problèmes locaux.
S’agissant par exemple de la connexion à l’essentiel local, on a vu l’augmentation de l’intérêt aux installations locales ces derniers mois. La plupart des personnes et familles ont tenté de connecter avec la nature locale, les parcs locaux et jardins publics, les magasins locaux, etc. Alors que pendant la période d’avant le confinement, il y avait peu d’intérêts pour certains aux ressources locales. Le local et l’essentiel sont ainsi devenus proches d’eux pendant le confinement.
Les organisations africaines peuvent utiliser cet attribut de l’économie essentielle pour résoudre les difficultés que leurs usagers rencontrent en matière de réduction de la pauvreté. Des difficultés qui sont de plusieurs ordres tels que les pénuries alimentaires, le manque d’accès aux produits de première nécessité, l’absence d’éducation essentielle, le manque de santé et de salubrité, le déclin de la connexion au local, ainsi de suite.
On peut conclure que l’utilisation des aspects positifs de l’économie essentielle (tels que la connexion à l’essentiel local) par les organisations africaines peut avoir des effets bénéfiques pour la réduction de la pauvreté.
The Essentialness of the Poverty Reduction in Africa in the Age of Covid-19 (p. 7)
The quality of poverty reduction being essential is not only a matter of the usual known income poor people. Indeed, having a poor health as a result of someone catching or being contaminating by Covid-19 is in itself a sign of poor health or poor sanitation. This raises the question of the relativity or subjectivity of poverty rather than of the objectivity of it.
An income rich person can also be a poor from the health point of view. Covid-19 does not choose between the rich and the poor. If this is the case, then it is essential to reduce any forms of poverty whether those who have been threatened by any of these forms are income poor or rich. In this respect, Covid-19 is a reminder of the essentiality or essentialness of poverty reduction regardless of income status.
For example, the essentialness of the poverty reduction in Africa in the Age of Covid-19 has gained its cause when rich and poor had to rely on the same essential domestic health systems and services as there were lockdowns everywhere.
In short, the essentialness of the poverty reduction in Africa in the Age of Covid-19 is about telling us the reduction of poverty (here sanitation poverty caused by Covid-19) is not only beneficial for the poor. It is in everybody’s interest, rich or poor.
Care and Essential Economies That Help to Save and Protect Lives (p. 7)
One of the attributes of essential economy is that it provides space to care for others. By only producing, consuming and using essential products and services, this shows that we care for others who also need the same goods, services and opportunities like us. The other ones could be those in most needs, the ones who need more care and help in our society than anybody else. In this respect, essential economy and care economy can intersect at certain point or area whereby essentiality could mean caring for others.
For example, one could have noticed during the lockdown how the store advertisement message of buying only what you need as essential was combined with the other message of caring for each other through social distancing rules. This shows how close essential economy is to care economy.
Briefly, a caring and essential economy can help to protect and save lives, especially at this time of Covid-19 during which many lives are at risk.
Sustainable Essential Economy and Poverty Reduction (p. 8)
Sustainable essential economy (SEE) is the absolutely necessary and sustainable management of available and scarce resources that can help to solve the basic economic problem of poverty and hardships. SEE can help avoid the depletion and waste of natural resources while caring for the generations to come in terms of the resources which will be available for them. In this respect, sustainability and essentiality go hand in hand as both can help to reduce poverty.
For further details and discussions on sustainable essential economy and poverty reduction, please contact CENFACS.
Essential Economy, Environmental Impacts and Poverty Reduction (p. 8)
Environmental impact is defined in the Dictionary of Environment and Conservation written by Chris Park (3) as
‘any positive or negative impact or effect that any activity, project and programme may have on natural resources and the environmental system’. (p. 152)
Because of the nature of the essential economy, which is based on the essence of a thing and essential use of natural resources, the environmental impact from the essential economy can be lower than what one would expect, on what is extremely important and necessary.
The essential economy will tend to use few natural resources and will stop waste. This tendency can positively impact the reduction of poverty if poor people are able to save on the use of resources. The saving made can help improve their essential gross domestic product per capita.
For any further discussion about the environmental impact of the essential economy, please contact CENFACS.
Survey on Essential Economy: Reconnection to the Essential Local (p. 9)
As part of its survey about people’s experience of using the essential economy during the lockdown, CENFACS is running a questionnaire for people to say what they think about their reconnection to the essential local in order to survive during the lockdown of the economy.
To take part in this survey and or to tell your feelings about your reconnection to the essential local, please do not hesitate to contact CENFACS.
The Essential Economy as the Economy that does Leave No-one Behind (p. 9)
Those who have only basic or essential solvable income can be left behind. They may not have the disposable income to purchase goods and services at a certain price due to the income constraint.
The Covid-19 and subsequent lockdowns have shown how those who live only on basic or essential monetary income could not even afford to cover the extra costs of disinfection and sanitation brought by Covid-19 in their household budgets. The financial bailout of those poor in some parts of the world is in itself the evidence of the lack financial means due to the suddenly change of cost of living for them.
In idealistic world where everybody has a basic or essential income to live, they can at least afford to buy essential goods and services. Because the essential economy is based on essential activities, it tends to be inclusive of everyone who is looking for essential goods and services like we have seen during the lockdowns. This inclusiveness and embodiment of the essential economy makes no-one to lag behind in the fulfilment of the needs of sanitation and health products to fight the coronavirus pandemic for example.
Despite the asymmetrical effects of lockdown between people, the essential economy itself does not differentiate people unless those who are running this economy choose to do so. This feature of the essential economy makes it as a lasting system of production, consumption and distribution of goods and services that connects people including the poor to what really is indispensable for their life and survival. This takes away from what is non-essential for everyday life.
For any query or enquiry about the inclusivity of the essential economy, please do not hesitate to contact CENFACS.
The Essential Economy as the Economy that Serves the Poor (p. 9)
Serving the poor, under-served and un-served could mean a lot of things. In the context of this writing, it simply means helping them to get out poverty and hardships. Again, helping someone to get out poverty and hardships could also mean different things to different people.
Getting out poverty and hardships could mean creating the conditions that are favourable to them to use their abilities and talents to resolve the basic problem of the allocation of scarce and limited resources to unlimited wants and needs.
However, creating those conditions may not be enough if only few of those in need are the only ones able to access them. To make those created conditions useful, it is good to widen the entry to many of them as well as to work with them so that they can have the essential tools, means and capacities to access the conditions and environment created for them. This will help them to succeed in the process of getting the service they need to escape from poverty and hardships.
This is one of the many ways of serving the poor. It is also helping them to help themselves. Because the essential economy is also a caring one, it can serve them in this way without putting a plate, cutlery and a glass on the table for them.
For further details and discussions about how the essential economy can serve the poor, please do not hesitate to contact CENFACS.
“Essentia” Project (p. 10)
The “Essentia” project is a poverty-relieving initiative that uses the tenets and attributes of the essential economy in order to help people and communities in need to escape from poverty and hardships. The project connects these people and communities to essential activities while motivating them to use non-polluting ways of resolving their long standing problems of poverty and hardships.
The project will be run by local organisations in Africa in alliance with CENFACS.
To support and or for full project proposals, please contact CENFACS.
For a paper copy and or enquiry about the 68th Issue of FACS, contact CENFACS.
(1) www.investopedia.com (accessed August 2020)
(2) Collins English Dictionary (2007), HarperCollins Publishers, Glasgow (www.collins.co.uk)
(3) Chris Park (2011), A Dictionary of Environment and Conservation, Oxford Press University, Oxford and New York
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